Creation of a standby database in 19c is pretty simliar to 11g except of two points:
1- Using the compressed feature in the Duplicate command "USING COMPRESSED BACKUPSET" can speed up the whole process by 200%. [12.2 New feature]
2- TEMPFILES will be created automatically whenStandby DB get opened in OPEN mode.
Before we start please pay attention to the following details of both Primary and Standby environments [Both are RAC environments]
| Environment |
Node Name |
DB_NAME |
Instances_Name |
Public IP |
Virtual IP (VIP) |
Private IP |
| Primary Node1 |
ORCL_N1 |
ORCL |
orcl1 |
192.168.10.1 |
Not in Scope |
Not in Scope |
| Primary Node2 |
ORCL_N2 |
orcl2 |
192.168.10.2 |
Not in Scope |
Not in Scope |
| Standby Node1 |
ORCLDR_N1 |
ORCLDR |
orcldr1 |
10.1.10.1 |
10.1.10.10 |
10.110.10.1 |
| Standby Node2 |
ORCLDR_N2 |
orcldr2 |
10.1.10.2 |
10.1.10.11 |
10.110.10.2 |
As a matter of fact, Grid Infrastructure 19c should be already installed on both standby nodes, database software installation should be installed as well, you don't have to create a database.
Step 1: Modify the tnsnames.ora file [On both Primary nodes]:
This is to add two tnsentries, one for Primary DB "ORCL" and another for the Standby DB "ORCLDR".
# vi /u01/oracle/19c/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.10.1)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.10.2)(PORT=1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
ORCLDR=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.1.10.1)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.1.10.2)(PORT=1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = ORCLDR)
)
)
Note: You can also Specify (UR=A) option next to service_name to connect to an instance in NOMOUNT mode: [this can work as an alternative to register the service statically with the listener, but it is not guaranteed to work all the time]
ORCLDR=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.1.10.1)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.1.10.2)(PORT=1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = ORCLDR)
(UR=A)
)
)
Step 2: Modify listener.ora: [On both Primary nodes]
To statically register the local instance SID:
[On Primary node1]
# vi /u01/grid/19c/network/admin/listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl1) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/19c) (SID_NAME = orcl1))
)
# lsnrctl reload listener
[On Primary node2]
# vi /u01/grid/19c/network/admin/listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl2) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/19c) (SID_NAME = orcl2))
)
# lsnrctl reload listener
Step 3: Modify tnsnames.ora [On both Standby nodes]
This is to add two tnsentries, one for Primary DB "ORCL" and another for the Standby DB "ORCLDR".
# vi /u01/oracle/19c/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.10.1)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.10.2)(PORT=1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
ORCLDR=
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.1.10.1)(PORT=1521))
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.1.10.2)(PORT=1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = ORCLDR)
)
)
Step 4: Modify listener.ora: [On Standby node1]
Statically register the local instance SID:
# vi /u01/grid/19c/network/admin/listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcldr) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/19c) (SID_NAME = orcldr1))
)
# lsnrctl reload listener
* Do a TNSPING from both Primary and Standby nodes and make sure it's working.
# tnsping ORCL
# tnsping ORCLDR
Step 5: Make sure the Primary DB is in ARCHIVELOG & FORCE LOGGING modes: [On Primary DB]
SQL> ARCHIVE LOG LIST;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT;
Make sure below 2 parameters are well configured to reflict the database name: [db_unique name on Primary DB should be orcl and on Standby DB it will be orcldr]
SQL> show parameter db_unique_name
SQL> show parameter db_name
Step 6: Log Shipping Setup: [On Primary DB]
-- Here you should use the DB_UNIQUE_NAME of each of primary and standby:
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orcldr)';
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=orcldr NOAFFIRM LGWR ASYNC delay=0 VALID_FOR=(all_logfiles,PRIMARY_ROLE) max_failure=0 reopen=300 net_timeout=90 DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcldr';
-- Here you should use service names which you already configured earlier in tnsnames.ora:
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_state_2=enable;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive SCOPE=SPFILE;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET fal_server='orcldr';
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET fal_client='orcl';
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET standby_file_management=auto;
Step 7: Create Standby REDOLOG Groups [On Primary DB]:
Standby REDOLOG groups should be same number as regular REDOLOG groups +1 for each thread. e.g. if the primary database has 5 REDOLOG groups for each thread, then I should create 6 Standby REDOLOG groups for each thread.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 1
GROUP 10 ('+REDO1') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 11 ('+REDO1') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 12 ('+REDO1') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 13 ('+REDO1') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 14 ('+REDO1') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 15 ('+REDO1') SIZE 1g;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 2
GROUP 16 ('+REDO2') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 17 ('+REDO2') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 18 ('+REDO2') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 19 ('+REDO2') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 20 ('+REDO2') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 21 ('+REDO2') SIZE 1g;
Step 8: Make sure the SNAPSHOT controlfile directory is exist and writable on both Primary nodes: [Even if the location is not shared between both nodes!]
# rman
RMAN> show all;
RMAN> CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/acfs/backup/sprint/snapcf_sprint.f';
Step 9: Create the password file on [Primary node1]
# orapwd file=/u01/oracle/19c/dbs/orapworcl1 password=Pass#0rd entries=10
If the Password file is already exist on ASM, then Copy it to $ORACLE_HOME/dbs:
[To make it seamless reset the SYS password on both Primary Instances]
SQL> alter user sys identified by "Pass#0rd";
# srvctl config database -d orcl | grep pwd
+DATA/ORCL/PASSWORD/pwdorcl.256.1039797083
# asmcmd cp +DATA/ORCL/PASSWORD/pwdorcl.256.1039797083 $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcl1
Copy the password file to [Primary Node2]:
# scp -p orapworcl1 oracle@192.168.10.2:/u01/oracle/19c/dbs/orapworcl2
Copy the password file to [Standby Node1]
# scp -p orapworcl1 oracle@10.1.10.1:/u01/oracle/19c/dbs/orapworcldr1
Copy the password file to [Standby Node2]
# scp -p orapworcl1 oracle@10.1.10.2:/u01/oracle/19c/dbs/orapworcldr2
Step 10: Create the pfile on Target: [on Standby node1]
# vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcldr1.ora
*.sga_target=5g
*.pga_aggregate_target=2g
*.control_files=+DATA,+REDO1,+REDO2
*.db_create_file_dest='+DATA'
*.db_create_online_log_dest_1='+REDO1'
*.db_create_online_log_dest_2='+REDO2'
*.db_name='orcldr'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='+RECO'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=900g
*.db_unique_name='orcldr'
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
Step 11: Create Directory Structure: [Similar to what to be configured on PFILE and DBA_DIRECTORIES] [on both Standby nodes]
[Standby node1]
# mkdir -p /u01/oracle/admin/orcldr/adump
# mkdir -p /u01/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcldr1
[Standby node2]
# mkdir -p /u01/oracle/admin/orcldr/adump
# mkdir -p /u01/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcldr2
Step 12: Start the new orcldr1 instance in nomount mode with pfile: [on Standby nodes1]
# cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
# export ORACLE_SID=orcldr1
# sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL> startup nomount pfile=initorcldr1.ora
Step 13: Test the connection between Primary and Standby instances:
-- From [Primary node1] try to connect to the standby instance:
SQL> conn sys/Pass#0rd@orcldr as sysdba
connected
-- From [Primary node2] try to connect to the standby instance:
SQL> conn sys/Pass#0rd@orcldr as sysdba
connected
-- From [Standby node1] try to connect to the Primary DB:
SQL> conn sys/Pass#0rd@orcl as sysdba
connected
Step 14: Create the RMAN Duplicate script: [On Primary node1]
# vi ~/duplicate_orcldr_standby.rman
run {
allocate channel disk1 type disk;
allocate channel disk2 type disk;
allocate channel disk3 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux1 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux2 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel aux3 type disk;
duplicate target database for standby from active database USING COMPRESSED BACKUPSET
spfile
parameter_value_convert 'ORCL','ORCLDR'
set db_name='orcl'
set db_unique_name='orcldr'
set cluster_database='FALSE'
set control_files='+DATA','+REDO1','+REDO2'
set db_create_file_dest='+DATA'
set db_create_online_log_dest_1='+REDO1'
set db_create_online_log_dest_2='+REDO2'
set db_name='orcl'
set db_recovery_file_dest='+RECO'
set db_recovery_file_dest_size='900G'
set sga_target='5g'
set db_cache_size='2g'
set shared_pool_size='1g'
set pga_aggregate_target='2g'
set remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
set instance_number='1'
set audit_file_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/orcldr/adump'
set diagnostic_dest='/u01/oracle'
set db_file_name_convert='+DATA/orcl/datafile','+DATA/orcldr/datafile','+DATA/orcl/tempfile','+DATA/orcldr/tempfile'
set log_file_name_convert='+REDO1/orcl/onlinelog','+REDO1/orcldr/onlinelog','+REDO2/orcl/onlinelog','+REDO2/orcldr/onlinelog'
set db_create_file_dest='+DATA'
set fal_client='orcldr'
set fal_server='orcl'
set standby_file_management='AUTO'
set log_archive_config='dg_config=(orcldr,orcl)'
set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl NOAFFIRM LGWR ASYNC delay=0 VALID_FOR=(all_logfiles,PRIMARY_ROLE) max_failure=0 reopen=300 net_timeout=90 DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl';
}
Note: Using COMPRESSION with duplicate command will speed up the duplicate by 200% in average]
Step 15: Run the Duplicate operation: [From Primary node1]
Note: Don't connect "TARGET /" nor "AUXILIARY /", you have to connect using ID and password and SERVICE NAME i.e: sys/Pass#0rd@ORCLDR
# export ORACLE_SID=orcl1
# nohup $ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman target sys/Pass#0rd@ORCL auxiliary sys/Pass#0rd@ORCLDR cmdfile=~/duplicate_orcldr_standby.rman | tee ~/duplicate_standby.log 2>&1 &
Step 16: Recover the Standby DB: [on Standby node1]
SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
SQL> STARTUP
Note: The database will not open unless it apply all the pending archivelogs. [This happens AUTOMATICALLY]
Step 17: Disable log_archive_dest_state_2 & 3: [on Standby DB]
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_state_2=defer;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_state_3=defer;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET dispatchers = "(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orcldrXDB)";
Step 18: Create Standby REDOLOG Groups [on Standby DB]:
Same number of Standby REDOLOG groups on Primary should be created on Standby DB as well:
SQL> RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 1
GROUP 10 ('+REDO1') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 11 ('+REDO1') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 12 ('+REDO1') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 13 ('+REDO1') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 14 ('+REDO1') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 15 ('+REDO1') SIZE 1g;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE THREAD 2
GROUP 16 ('+REDO2') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 17 ('+REDO2') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 18 ('+REDO2') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 19 ('+REDO2') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 20 ('+REDO2') SIZE 1g,
GROUP 21 ('+REDO2') SIZE 1g;
Step 19: Turn ON Flashback [On Standby DB]:
SQL> ALTER DATABASE FLASHBACK ON;
SQL> RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE NODELAY DISCONNECT;
Note: "USING CURRENT LOGFILE" in the Recover command is not required anymore in 19c.
Step 20: Restart log_archive_dest_state_2 [On Primary DB]:
This to refresh the redo log shipping process on promary DB and fix any gap.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_state_2=defer;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_state_2=enable;
Step 21: Start the Recovery process [On Standby DB]:
SQL> RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE NODELAY DISCONNECT;
Step 22: Fix RMAN Settings [On Standby DB]:
RMAN> CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO APPLIED ON ALL STANDBY;
RMAN> CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/acfs/backup/ORCLDR/%F';
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' TO '%F';
RMAN> CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/acfs/backup/ORCLDR/snapcf_orcldr.f';
[On both Standby Nodes] Create the full path for the CONTROLFILE SNAPSHOT BACKUP: [It should be a shared location between both nodes, but if this not possible for any reason just create it locally on both nodes with the right permissions]
# mkdir -p /acfs/backup/ORCLDR
# chown oracle:oinstall -R /acfs/backup
Step 23: Configure the archivelog deletion policy [On Primary DB]:
RMAN> CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO APPLIED ON ALL STANDBY;
Step 24: Convert the standby to RAC DB [On Standby node1]:
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET cluster_database=true SCOPE=SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET cluster_database_instances=2 SCOPE=SPFILE SID='*';
ALTER SYSTEM SET instance_number=1 SCOPE=SPFILE SID='orcldr1';
ALTER SYSTEM SET instance_number=2 SCOPE=SPFILE SID='orcldr2';
ALTER SYSTEM SET thread=1 SCOPE=SPFILE SID='orcldr1';
ALTER SYSTEM SET thread=2 SCOPE=SPFILE SID='orcldr2';
ALTER SYSTEM SET undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1 SCOPE=SPFILE SID='orcldr1';
ALTER SYSTEM SET undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS2 SCOPE=SPFILE SID='orcldr2';
ALTER SYSTEM SET cluster_interconnects='10.110.10.1' SCOPE=SPFILE SID='orcldr1';
ALTER SYSTEM SET cluster_interconnects='10.110.10.2' SCOPE=SPFILE SID='orcldr2';
ALTER SYSTEM SET local_listener='(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.1.10.10)(PORT=1521))' sid='orcldr1';
ALTER SYSTEM SET local_listener='(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=10.1.10.11)(PORT=1521))' sid='orcldr2';
Create the SPFILE on a shared location between Standby RAC Nodes which is +DATA:
SQL> create pfile='/u01/oracle/19c/dbs/initorcldr.ora' from spfile;
SQL> create spfile='+DATA' from pfile='/u01/oracle/19c/dbs/initorcldr.ora';
Get the spfile full path on ASM using asmcmd to use it in the next step:
# asmcmd ls -lst +DATA/ORCLDR/PARAMETERFILE
+DATA/ORCLDR/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.345.1040975313
Register the database with clusterware services:
# srvctl add database -db orcldr -oraclehome /u01/oracle/19c -dbtype RAC -spfile +DATA/ORCLDR/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.345.1040975313 \
-role PHYSICAL_STANDBY -startoption open -stopoption immediate -diskgroup "DATA,REDO1,REDO2,RECO" -policy AUTOMATIC -verbose
Register the instances with clusterware services:
# srvctl add instance -db orcldr -instance orcldr1 -node ORCLDR_N1
# srvctl add instance -db orcldr -instance orcldr2 -node ORCLDR_N2
Shutdown the DB [on Standby node1]:
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Test Startup/Stop of the Standby DB [On Both Standby nodes]
# srvctl start database -db orcldr
# srvctl stop database -db orcldr
# srvctl start database -db orcldr
*Make sure the Redo log files is being shipped from Primary to Standby whenever any of the standby instances are down.
Start the Recovery Process: [On any of Standby nodes]
SQL> RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE NODELAY DISCONNECT;
Lastly: You can use the following scripts to complete your setup:
Configure LAG monitoring
Setup Archive deletion script
In case you have a need to create many standby DBs, this script can help you out: https://github.com/asiandevs/PhysicalStandbyWithDGBroker
